Random access channel message repetition indication for retransmission

ABSTRACT

Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatuses, methods, processing systems, and computer readable mediums for retransmitting a random access channel (RACH) message, for example, based on parameters for initial RACH transmission. For example, a user equipment (UE) transmits an initial transmission of an uplink RACH message with repetition. The UE receives a downlink control information (DCI) scheduling a retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition. The UE determines parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, on parameters for the initial transmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition. The UE retransmits the uplink RACH message to the network entity with repetition in accordance with the determined parameters.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This Application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 17/649,664, filed on Feb. 1, 2022, which claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/144,272, filed on Feb. 1, 2021, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/144,184, filed on Feb. 1, 2021, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications, and more particularly, to techniques related to sending uplink random access channel (RACH) messages with repetition to improve coverage.

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, broadcasts, or other similar types of services. These wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources with those users (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, or other resources). Multiple-access technologies can rely on any of code division, time division, frequency division orthogonal frequency division, single-carrier frequency division, or time division synchronous code division, to name a few. These and other multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level.

Although wireless communication systems have made great technological advancements over many years, challenges still exist. For example, such challenges may include challenges in achieving adequate coverage for performing a random access channel (RACH) procedure associated with certain wireless devices. Consequently, there exists a need for further improvements in wireless communications systems to overcome various challenges.

SUMMARY

Certain aspects can be implemented in a method for wireless communications by a user-equipment (UE). The method generally includes providing a network entity, via at least first and second stages of signaling, an indication regarding at least two capabilities of the UE to transmit an uplink random access channel (RACH) message with repetition; and transmitting the uplink RACH message to the network entity with repetition in accordance with the indicated capabilities.

Certain aspects can be implemented in a method for wireless communications by a network entity. The method generally includes receiving, via at least first and second stages of signaling, an indication regarding at least two capabilities of a UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition; and processing the uplink RACH message sent with repetition in accordance with the indicated capabilities.

Certain aspects can be implemented in a method for wireless communications by a user-equipment (UE). The method generally includes transmitting an initial transmission of an uplink RACH message with repetition; receiving a downlink control information (DCI) scheduling a retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition; determining parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, on parameters for the initial transmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition; and retransmitting the uplink RACH message to the network entity with repetition in accordance with the determined parameters.

Certain aspects can be implemented in a method for wireless communications by a network entity. The method generally includes transmitting, to a UE, a downlink control information (DCI) scheduling the UE to transmit an initial transmission of an uplink RACH message with repetition; transmitting the UE a DCI scheduling the UE to retransmit the uplink RACH message with repetition, after failing to receive the initial transmission; determining parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, on parameters for the initial transmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition; and monitoring for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message from the UE with repetition in accordance with the determined parameters.

Other aspects provide: an apparatus operable, configured, or otherwise adapted to perform the aforementioned methods as well as those described elsewhere herein; a non-transitory, computer-readable media comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the aforementioned methods as well as those described elsewhere herein; a computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium comprising code for performing the aforementioned methods as well as those described elsewhere herein; and an apparatus comprising means for performing the aforementioned methods as well as those described elsewhere herein. By way of example, an apparatus may comprise a processing system, a device with a processing system, or processing systems cooperating over one or more networks.

The following description and the appended figures set forth certain features for purposes of illustration.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The appended figures depict certain features of the various aspects described herein and are not to be considered limiting of the scope of this disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example wireless communication network.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating aspects of an example a base station and user equipment.

FIGS. 3A-3D depict various example aspects of data structures for a wireless communication network.

FIG. 4 is a call-flow diagram illustrating an example four-step RACH procedure, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating example operations for wireless communication, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating example operations for wireless communication, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a call flow diagram illustrating example techniques for physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) repetition during a RACH procedure, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a flow diagram illustrating example operations for wireless communication, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 is a flow diagram illustrating example operations for wireless communication, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 is a call flow diagram illustrating example techniques for physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) repetition during a RACH procedure, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 11 illustrates an example wireless communications device, or part thereof, that is operable, configured, or adapted to perform operations for the methods disclosed herein, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 illustrates an example wireless communications device, or part thereof, that is operable, configured, or adapted to perform operations for the methods disclosed herein, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatuses, methods, processing systems, and computer readable mediums for providing a network entity, by a user equipment (UE), via at least first and second stages of signaling, an indication regarding at least two capabilities of the UE to transmit an uplink random access channel (RACH) message with repetition. The UE may transmit the uplink RACH message to the network entity with repetition in accordance with the indicated capabilities. The UE may also retransmit the RACH message, for example, based on parameters for initial RACH transmission.

The first and second stages of signaling may avoid congesting certain messages while indicating the at least two capabilities to maintain phase continuity. For example, the first stage of signaling may include a physical random access channel (PRACH) that indicates the UE's capability to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition. The second stage of signaling may include the uplink RACH message with one or more transmission parameters to indicate the capability of the UE to support demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling when transmitting the uplink RACH message with repetition. Very often, some, but not all UEs, have the capability to transmit RACH message with repetition and DMRS bundling. The UE that has this capability should be able to indicate to a network entity, such as a base station (e.g., BS 102 in FIGS. 1 and 2 ), about such capabilities. Known techniques for indicating such capabilities rely on the PRACH. Doing so, however, may excessively consume available PRACH resources and cause congestion, excessive overhead, and/or inefficiency.

The techniques disclosed herein may help overcome such shortcomings by employing a multi-stage indication (e.g., separately transmitting the indication in at least two stages). This helps to reduce overhead, saving power and increasing overall efficiency.

Further embodiments described herein relate to repetition for retransmission of RACH messages. The use of repetition may enhance coverage, for example, allowing a base station to perform combining of signals received over multiple repetitions and increase chances of successful decoding. Bundling DMRS, where a same or coherent DMRS is sent in multiple time slots, may also enhance coverage, allowing the base station to consider multiple DMRS when performing channel estimation. The enhanced channel estimating may further improve the chances of successful decoding of the uplink RACH transmission. In a RACH process, an initial physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) MSG3 is scheduled by a random access response (RAR) MSG2. For this initial MSG3 transmission, various parameters may be included, such as the repetition number (K) and other parameters (e.g., frequency hopping, etc.), as indicated in the RAR. If the MSG3 is not received by the gNB, the gNB will schedule a retransmission of MSG3 via a downlink control information (DCI). One challenge with scheduling the retransmission of MSG3 is how to indicate all of the transmission parameters, which may require than the available un-used bits in the scheduling fallback DCI.

The present disclosure provides techniques for determining repetition transmission parameters for the retransmission of MSG3 in a manner that helps avoid unnecessary overhead. For example, according to aspects of the present disclosure, the MSG3 repetition and the parameters thereof (including the number of repetitions, frequency hopping parameters, and/or DMRS bundling parameters, among others) for retransmission are determined, fully or partially, in relation to the original MSG3 repetition parameters. Beneficially, this helps to save power and increase the efficiency of the spectrum use.

Introduction to Wireless Communication Networks

FIG. 1 depicts an example of a wireless communications system 100, in which aspects described herein may be implemented.

Generally, wireless communications system 100 includes base stations (BSs) 102, user equipments (UEs) 104, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 160, and core network 190 (e.g., a 5G Core (5GC)), which interoperate to provide wireless communications services.

Base stations 102 may provide an access point to the EPC 160 and/or core network 190 for a user equipment (UE) 104, and may perform one or more of the following functions: transfer of user data, radio channel ciphering and deciphering, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection setup and release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, radio access network (RAN) sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS), subscriber and equipment trace, RAN information management (RIM), paging, positioning, delivery of warning messages, among other functions. Base stations may include and/or be referred to as a gNB, Node B, eNB, an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, or a transceiver function, or a transmit reception point (TRP) in various contexts.

Base stations 102 wirelessly communicate with UEs 104 via communications links 120. Each of base stations 102 may provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110, which may overlap in some cases. For example, small cell 102′ (e.g., a low-power base station) may have a coverage area 110′ that overlaps the coverage area 110 of one or more macrocells (e.g., high-power base stations).

The communication links 120 between base stations 102 and UEs 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a user equipment 104 to a base station 102 and/or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from a base station 102 to a user equipment 104. The communication links 120 may use multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and/or transmit diversity in various aspects.

Examples of UEs 104 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player, a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor/actuator, a display, or other similar devices. Some of UEs 104 may be internet of things (IoT) devices (e.g., parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, or other IoT devices), always on (AON) devices, or edge processing devices. UEs 104 may also be referred to more generally as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, or a client.

A base station 102 in the wireless communication network 100 may include a MSG3 repetition manager 199, which may receive, via two or more stages of signaling, an indication regarding at least two capabilities of a UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition. The MSG3 repetition manager 199 may be configured to perform the operation 600 shown in FIG. 6 , as well as other operations described herein for indicating MSG3 repetition capability and DMRS capability in at least two stages of signaling. Additionally, a UE 104 in the wireless network 100 may include a MSG3 repetition manager 198, which may be configured to perform operation 500 shown in FIG. 5 , as well as other operations described herein for indicating MSG3 repetition capability and DMRS capability in at least two stages of signaling.

FIG. 2 depicts aspects of an example base station (BS) 102 and a user equipment (UE) 104.

Generally, BS 102 includes various processors (e.g., 220, 230, 238, and 240), antennas 234 a-t, transceivers 232 a-t, and other aspects, which are involved in transmission of data (e.g., source data 212) and reception of data (e.g., data sink 239). For example, BS 102 may send and receive data between itself and UE 104. BS 102 includes controller/processor 240, which comprises MSG3 repetition manager 241. The MSG3 repetition manager 241 may be configured to implement the MSG3 repetition manager 199 of FIG. 1 .

BS 102 includes controller/processor 240, which may be configured to implement various functions related to wireless communications. In the depicted example, controller/processor 240 includes the MSG3 repetition manager 241. Notably, while depicted as an aspect of controller/processor 240, the MSG3 repetition manager 241 may be implemented additionally or alternatively in various other aspects of base station 102 in other implementations.

Generally, UE 104 includes various processors (e.g., 258, 264, 266, and 280), antennas 252 a-r, transceivers 254 a-r, and other aspects, involved in transmission of data (e.g., source data 262) and reception of data (e.g., data sink 260). UE 104 includes controller/processor 280, which comprises MSG3 repetition manager 281. The MSG3 repetition manager 281 may be configured to implement the MSG3 repetition manager 198 of FIG. 1 .

User equipment 104 includes controller/processor 280, which may be configured to implement various functions related to wireless communications. In the depicted example, controller/processor 280 includes the MSG3 repetition manager 281. Notably, while depicted as an aspect of controller/processor 280, repetition manager 281 may be implemented additionally or alternatively in various other aspects of user equipment 104 in other implementations.

FIGS. 3A-3D depict aspects of data structures for a wireless communication network, such as wireless communication network 100 of FIG. 1 . In particular, FIG. 3A is a diagram 300 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G (e.g., 5G NR) frame structure, FIG. 3B is a diagram 330 illustrating an example of DL channels within a 5G subframe, FIG. 3C is a diagram 350 illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G frame structure, and FIG. 3D is a diagram 380 illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G subframe.

Further discussions regarding FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , and FIGS. 3A-3D are provided later in this disclosure.

Introduction to mmWave Wireless Communications

In wireless communications, an electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided, into various classes, bands, channels, or other features. The subdivision is often provided based on wavelength and frequency, where frequency may also be referred to as a carrier, a subcarrier, a frequency channel, a tone, or a subband.

The electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided, based on frequency/wavelength, into various classes, bands, channels, etc. In 5G NR two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz-7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz-52.6 GHz). It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue sometimes occurs with regard to FR2, which is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz-300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band.

The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified an operating band for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz-24.25 GHz). Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and/or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 and/or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations-FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz-71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz-114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz-300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

With the above aspects in mind, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. Further, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “millimeter wave” or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, and/or FR5, or may be within the EHF band.

Communications using the mmWave/near mmWave radio frequency band (e.g., 3 GHz-300 GHz) may have higher path loss and a shorter range compared to lower frequency communications. Accordingly, in FIG. 1 , mmWave base station 180 may utilize beamforming 182 with the UE 104 to improve path loss and range. To do so, base station 180 and the UE 104 may each include a plurality of antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and/or antenna arrays to facilitate the beamforming.

In some cases, base station 180 may transmit a beamformed signal to UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 182′. UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from the base station 180 in one or more receive directions 182″. UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal to the base station 180 in one or more transmit directions 182″. Base station 180 may receive the beamformed signal from UE 104 in one or more receive directions 182′. Base station 180 and UE 104 may then perform beam training to determine the best receive and transmit directions for each of base station 180 and UE 104. Notably, the transmit and receive directions for base station 180 may or may not be the same. Similarly, the transmit and receive directions for UE 104 may or may not be the same.

Example RACH Procedure

A random-access channel (RACH) is so named because it refers to a wireless channel (medium) that may be shared by multiple UEs and used by the UEs to (randomly) access the network for communications. For example, the RACH may be used for call setup and to access the network for data transmissions. In some cases, RACH may be used for initial access to a network when the UE switches from a radio resource control (RRC) connected idle mode to active mode, or when handing over in RRC connected mode. Moreover, RACH may be used for downlink (DL) and/or uplink (UL) data arrival when the UE is in RRC idle or RRC inactive modes, and when reestablishing a connection with the network.

FIG. 4 is a call-flow diagram 400 illustrating an example four-step RACH procedure, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. A first message (MSG1) may be sent from the UE 104 to BS 102 on the physical random access channel (PRACH). In this case, MSG1 may only include a RACH preamble 404. BS 102 may respond with a random access response (RAR) message 406 (MSG2) which may include the identifier (ID) of the RACH preamble, a timing advance (TA), an uplink grant, cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI), and a back off indicator (BI). MSG2 may include a PDCCH communication including control information for (e.g., scheduling a reception of) a following communication on the PDSCH, as illustrated. In response to MSG2, MSG3 is transmitted from the UE 104 to BS 102 on the PUSCH 408. MSG3 may include one or more of an RRC connection request, a tracking area update request, a system information request, a positioning fix or positioning signal request, or a scheduling request. The BS 102 then responds with MSG4 which may include a contention resolution message 410. In some cases, the UE 104 may also receive system information 402 (e.g., also referred to herein as a system information message) indicating various communication parameters that may be used by the UE 104 for communicating with the BS 102.

Aspects Related to MSG3 Repetition Capability Indication

In some implementations, repetition may be implemented for PUSCH transmission (e.g., PUSCH 408 of FIG. 4 ) for MSG3 of a RACH procedure to enhance coverage. Repetition of a channel generally refers to a technique where multiple repetitions of a channel are transmitted, allowing a receiver to combine the repetitions to facilitate decoding of the channel. In other words, each repetition of the channel may include the same data. Thus, the receiver is able to combine the repetitions to decode the data associated with the channel. In some aspects, the repetitions may include the same data, yet different redundancy versions. In other words, the same data may encoded differently for the repetitions using different redundancy versions.

Aspects of the present disclosure provide systems and methods for indicating the capabilities of the UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition. Particularly, the capabilities of the UE are indicated in at least two stages of signaling according to the present disclosure. For example, the first stage of signaling may include a physical random access channel (PRACH) that indicates the UE's capability to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition. The second stage of signaling may include the uplink RACH message with one or more transmission parameters to indicate the capability of the UE to support DMRS bundling when transmitting the uplink RACH message with repetition.

Whether or not a UE is able to support PUSCH DMRS bundling for MSG3 may depend on the UE to satisfy phase continuity maintenance requirements. This is because bundling DMRS involves transmitting a same or coherent DMRS in multiple time slots, allowing the base station to consider multiple DMRS when performing channel estimation. Because not all UEs can satisfy this phase continuity maintenance requirements, bundling DMRS may be considered a separate capability than the capability to transmit MSG3 with repetition.

Thus, for the case of MSG3 repetition with DMRS, the UE should indicate at least two capabilities: (1) support of MSG3 repetition; and (2) support of DMRS bundling. Indicating such capabilities presents a challenge, due to the additional information and signaling overhead.

For example, while a PRACH may be used to indicate the UE capabilities (e.g., via preamble and/or time/frequency resource selection), indicating all separate capabilities may overload PRACH (and its resources). Aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques that may help overcome such potential limitations by utilizing multiple stages to indicate UE capability to support MSG3 repetition and DMRS bundling. This reduces overhead, which in turn saves power and improves the overall efficiency of the spectrum use.

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating example operations 500 for wireless communication by a UE, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The operations 500 may be performed, for example, by a UE (e.g., such as the UE 104 in the wireless communication system 100). The operations 500 may be implemented as software components that are executed and run on one or more processors (e.g., controller/processor 280 of FIG. 2 ). Further, the transmission and reception of signals by the UE in operations 500 may be enabled, for example, by one or more antennas (e.g., antennas 252 of FIG. 2 ). In certain aspects, the transmission and/or reception of signals by the UE may be implemented via a bus interface of one or more processors (e.g., controller/processor 280) obtaining and/or outputting signals.

The operations 500 may begin, at block 502, by sending, to a network entity via at least first and second stages of signaling, an indication regarding at least two capabilities of the UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition.

At block 504, the UE transmits the uplink RACH message to the network entity with repetition in accordance with at least one of the at least two capabilities in the indication.

The at least two capabilities of the UE to transmit the uplink RACH message with repetition may include at least a first capability of the UE to transmit the uplink RACH message with repetition; and a second capability of the UE to support DMRS bundling when transmitting the uplink RACH message with repetition.

In some aspects, the first stage of signaling includes transmitting a PRACH to indicate a capability of the UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition. For example, the UE may select a particular PRACH sequence and/or PRACH resource to indicate this capability.

In some cases, the UE may signal the capability as an implicit request to use MSG3 repetition. In other words, the UE may only signal the capability to support MSG3 repetition when two conditions are met: the UE supports MSG3 repetition and the UE deems MSG3 repetition is warranted (e.g., if on a cell edge to enhance coverage).

In some aspects, the second stage of signaling includes transmitting the uplink RACH message with one or more transmission parameters to indicate the capability of the UE to support DMRS bundling when transmitting the uplink RACH message with repetition.

In some aspects, the one or more transmission parameters include at least one of a DMRS port or DMRS sequence. In other words, the UE may transmit DMRS via a certain port (or ports) and/or a particular DMRS sequence (or sequences) to indicate the UE capability to support DMRS bundling. A receiving base station may, upon detecting the particular DMRS port and/or sequence may be aware of DMRS bundling and combine DMRS in multiple slots when performing channel estimation.

In some aspects, the one or more transmission parameters include time or frequency resources of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) used to convey the uplink RACH message. A receiving base station may, upon detecting PUSCH on the particular time and/or frequency resource may be aware of DMRS bundling and combine DMRS in multiple slots when performing channel estimation.

In some aspects, the one or more transmission parameters may be used to indicate UE capability to support MSG3 repetition, DMRS bundling and/or some other capability of the UE. An example of the other capability may be a UE capability to support multi-beam transmission or, more generally, multi TCI (transmission configuration indicator) transmission.

In some aspects, the one or more transmission parameters include at least one of a DMRS port, DMRS sequence, or orthogonal cover code (OCC) used on a first repetition of the uplink RACH message. In some cases, at least one of a same DMRS sequence, a same DMRS port, or a same OCC is used for all repetitions of the uplink RACH transmission. In some cases, the capability of the UE to support DMRS bundling when transmitting the uplink RACH message with repetition is indicated via a relation among at least one of the DMRS sequences, DMRS ports, or orthogonal cover codes (OCC) of different repetitions of the uplink RACH message.

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating example operations 600 that may be considered complementary to operations 500 of FIG. 5 . For example, operations 600 may be performed by a BS (e.g., such as the BS 102 in the wireless communication network 100) performing a RACH procedure with a UE performing operations 500 of FIG. 5 . The operations 600 may be implemented as software components that are executed and run on one or more processors (e.g., controller/processor 240 of FIG. 2 ). Further, the transmission and reception of signals by the BS in operations 600 may be enabled, for example, by one or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234 of FIG. 2 ). In certain aspects, the transmission and/or reception of signals by the BS may be implemented via a bus interface of one or more processors (e.g., controller/processor 240) obtaining and/or outputting signals.

The operations 600 may begin, at block 602, by receiving, from a user equipment via at least first and second stages of signaling, an indication regarding at least two capabilities of the UE to transmit an uplink random access channel (RACH) message with repetition.

At block 604, the BS processes the uplink RACH message sent with repetition in accordance with at least one of the at least two capabilities in the indication.

Operations 500 and 600 of FIGS. 5 and 6 , respectively, may be understood with reference to the call flow diagram 700 of FIG. 7 . In other words, the UE 104 may indicate MSG3 repetition capability and DMRS bundling capability (to a base station 102) in two-stage signaling.

As illustrated, for the first stage signaling, the UE may indicate MSG3 repetition capability to the BS via PRACH. For the first stage signaling, the UE may indicate DMRS bundling capability to the BS based on transmission parameters used for the MSG3 and/or DMRS transmissions. Based on the signaled capabilities, the BS may combine and decode the MSG3 transmission (e.g., sent with repetition and/or DMRS bundling in accordance with the capabilities indicated by the UE).

As noted above, DMRS bundling capability and or other capability may be indicated via based on the DMRS sequence and/or DMRS port and/or orthogonal cover code (OCC) on the first repetition. In some cases, the same DMRS sequence and/or DMRS port and/or OCC for all repetitions of a MSG3 transmission. In this case, a particular selected DMRS sequence and/or port may indicate a particular capability or set of capabilities.

In other cases, DMRS bundling capability and/or other capability may be indicated via the relation among the DMRS sequences and/or DMRS port and/or OCC of different repetitions of a MSG3 PUSCH. In other words, use of the same DMRS port or alternating DMRS ports may mean different capabilities. Similarly, different combinations of DMRS ports may be used to signal different capabilities.

Aspects Related to MSG3 Repetition Retransmission Indication

Aspects of the present disclosure further provide systems and methods for determining transmission parameters for retransmitting a random access channel (RACH) message (e.g., MSG3) with repetition. As noted above, various transmission parameters for an initial MSG3 transmission, such as the repetition number (K) and other parameters (e.g., frequency hopping, etc.), may be indicated in the RAR.

In some implementations, repetition may be implemented for PUSCH transmission (e.g., PUSCH 408 of FIG. 4 ) for MSG3 of a RACH procedure to enhance coverage. Repetition of a channel generally refers to a technique where multiple repetitions of a channel are transmitted, allowing a receiver to combine the repetitions to facilitate decoding of the channel. In other words, each repetition of the channel may include the same data. Thus, the receiver is able to combine the repetitions to decode the data associated with the channel. In some aspects, the repetitions may include the same data, yet different redundancy versions. In other words, the same data may encoded differently for the repetitions using different redundancy versions. This reduces overhead, saving power and improving overall spectrum use efficiency.

In the event the MSG3 is not received by the BS and the BS schedules a retransmission of MSG3, aspects of the present disclosure provides techniques for the UE to determine determining repetition transmission parameters for the retransmission of MSG3 relative to repetition parameters of the initial MSG3 transmission.

FIG. 8 is a flow diagram illustrating example operations 800 for wireless communication by a UE, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The operations 800 may be performed, for example, by a UE (e.g., such as the UE 104 in the wireless communication system 100 of FIG. 1 ). The operations 800 may be implemented as software components that are executed and run on one or more processors (e.g., controller/processor 280 of FIG. 2 ). Further, the transmission and reception of signals by the UE in operations 800 may be enabled, for example, by one or more antennas (e.g., antennas 252 of FIG. 2 ). In certain aspects, the transmission and/or reception of signals by the UE may be implemented via a bus interface of one or more processors (e.g., controller/processor 280) obtaining and/or outputting signals.

The operations 800 begin, at 802, by transmitting, to a network entity, an initial transmission of an uplink random access channel (RACH) message with repetition.

At 804, the UE receives downlink control information (DCI) scheduling a retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition.

At 806, the UE determines parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, on parameters for the initial transmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition.

At 808, the UE retransmits the uplink RACH message to the network entity with repetition in accordance with the determined parameters.

In some aspects, the UE may further receive parameters for the initial transmission via a downlink RACH message (e.g., MSG2/RAR).

As noted above, the received parameters for the initial transmission include a number of repetitions of the initial transmission. The received parameters for the initial transmission may include bundling size for demodulation reference signals (DMRS) bundling for the initial transmission.

In some aspects, the UE further receives signaling indicating a repetition scaling factor to be applied to a number of repetitions of the initial transmission. The UE determines parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based on the repetition scaling factor and the number of repetitions for the initial transmission. For example, the signaling comprises a system information block (SIB).

In some cases, determining parameters for the retransmission includes multiplying the number of repetitions for the initial transmission by the repetition scaling factor to determine a number of repetition for the retransmission. In the event of multiple retransmissions, a same number of repetitions is used for each retransmission. In the event of multiple retransmissions, a number of repetitions used for a given retransmission also depends on a retransmission time of that retransmission.

In some aspects, the parameters for the retransmission comprise at least one of a frequency offset or hopping pattern for the repetitions of the retransmission determined, at least in part, on a frequency offset or hopping pattern used for repetitions of the initial transmission.

FIG. 9 is a flow diagram illustrating example operations 900 that may be considered complementary to operations 800 of FIG. 8 . For example, operations 900 may be performed by a network entity, such as a BS (e.g., such as the BS 102 in the wireless communication network 100 of FIG. 1 ) performing a RACH procedure with a UE performing operations 800 of FIG. 8 . The operations 900 may be implemented as software components that are executed and run on one or more processors (e.g., controller/processor 240 of FIG. 2 ). Further, the transmission and reception of signals by the BS in operations 900 may be enabled, for example, by one or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234 of FIG. 2 ). In certain aspects, the transmission and/or reception of signals by the BS may be implemented via a bus interface of one or more processors (e.g., controller/processor 240) obtaining and/or outputting signals.

The operations 900 begin, at 902, by transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), a downlink control information (DCI) scheduling the UE to transmit an initial transmission of an uplink random access channel (RACH) message with repetition.

At 904, the BS transmits the UE a DCI scheduling the UE to retransmit the uplink RACH message with repetition, after failing to receive the initial transmission.

At 906, the BS determines parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, on parameters for the initial transmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition.

At 908, the BS monitors for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message from the UE with repetition in accordance with the determined parameters.

Operations 800 and 900 of FIGS. 8 and 9 may be understood with reference to the call flow diagram 1000 of FIG. 10 . In other words, the UE 104 may determine transmission parameters for retransmission of a MSG3 (to a BS 102) with repetition, in accordance with operations 800 of FIG. 8 .

At 1010, the UE may determine repetition parameters for an initial MSG3 transmission (e.g., based on an indication provided in the RAR). The UE then transmits the initial MSG3 with repetition, according to the determined parameters. In the illustrated example, the BS fails to decode the initial MSG3 repetition and schedules retransmission of the MSG3 (e.g., via DCI).

At 1020, the UE determines repetition transmission parameters for the MSG3 retransmission based (at least partially) on the initial MSG3 repetition transmission parameters. The UE then retransmits the MSG3 in accordance with the determined parameters.

In some cases, for MSG3 retransmission, the UE may apply a scaling factor to a repetition number of the initial MSG3 transmission. For example, the gNB may signal system information (e.g., SIB1) that indicates a repetition scaling (S) that the UE is to apply to the repetition number indicated for initial MSG3 transmission. Thus, for the retransmission of MSG3, the repetition number may K*S.

There are various options for how to determine the repetition number in the event of multiple retransmissions. According to a first option, the repetition number for each retransmission may be the same, K*S. For example, assuming K=4 and S=2, the repetition number for reach retransmission would be 8.

According to a second option, the repetition number for each retransmission may (also) depend on a number/time of the repetition (e.g., t=1, 2, . . . ). In this case, repetition number for each retransmission may be same, K*S*2. For example, assuming K=4 and S=2, the repetition number for the first retransmission (t=1) would be 8, while the repetition number for the second retransmission (t=2) would be 16. In this manner, the repetition number may increase in time, which may help increase the probability of each subsequent retransmission being successfully received by the gNB.

In some cases, rather than indicate a scaling factor via a SIB, the scaling factor may be indicated in the DCI scheduling the MSG3 retransmission. Thus, different scaling factors may be indicated for each scheduled retransmission. In some cases, the gNB may indicate a larger scaling factor for each subsequent retransmission, which may help increase the probability of successful receipt by the gNB.

In some cases, frequency hopping parameters (e.g., a frequency offset and/or hopping pattern) for the retransmission of MSG3 may (at least partially) follow the initial MSG3 transmission. In some cases, the hopping pattern may be adjusted according to a predefined rule. In some cases, different hopping patterns may be used.

The relationship between the retransmission and the original transmission allows parameters like frequency hopping, frequency offset, and hopping pattern, to be fully or partially follow those original MSG3. Some frequency offset may be indicated for original MSG3, or may be specified, and then the same thing may follow for retransmitted MSG3, those parameters may still be valid for retransmitted MSG3.

In some cases, the frequency offset may be the same for each retransmission, and the pattern will be adjusted according to some pre-defined rule. For example, a pattern may be alternated for every other (instance), such that the same rule may apply for four repetitions or eight repetitions.

By using a pre-defined rule or relation, the UE and gNB will be in sync on what the hopping pattern is. For example, there may be four different hopping patterns with different indices. In this case, the same number of hopping patterns may be used for four repetitions, and for eight repetitions, then the hopping patterns with the same index may follow.

Example Wireless Communication Devices Related to MSG3 Repetition Retransmission Indication

FIG. 11 depicts an example communications device 1100 that includes various components operable, configured, or adapted to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein, such as the operations 500 and operations 800 depicted and described with respect to FIGS. 5 and 8 , respectively. In some examples, communication device 1100 may be a UE 104 as described, for example with respect to FIGS. 1 and 2 .

Communications device 1100 includes a processing system 1102 coupled to a transceiver 1108 (e.g., a transmitter and/or a receiver). Transceiver 1108 is configured to transmit (or send) and receive signals for the communications device 1100 via an antenna 1110, such as the various signals as described herein. Processing system 1102 may be configured to perform processing functions for communications device 1100, including processing signals received and/or to be transmitted by communications device 1100.

Processing system 1102 includes one or more processors 1104 coupled to a computer-readable medium/memory 1112 via a bus 1106. In certain aspects, computer-readable medium/memory 1112 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that when executed by the one or more processors 1104, cause the one or more processors 1104 to perform the operations illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 8 , or other operations for performing the various techniques discussed herein for channel repetition.

In the depicted example, computer-readable medium/memory 1112 stores code 1114 for transmitting, code 1116 for receiving, code 1118 for determining, code 1120 for retransmitting, and code 1132 for providing.

In some cases, code 1114 for transmitting includes code for transmitting an initial transmission of an uplink RACH message with repetition. In some cases, code 1114 for transmitting includes code for transmitting the uplink RACH message to the network entity with repetition in accordance with the indicated capabilities.

In some cases, code 1116 for receiving includes code for receiving a downlink control information (DCI) scheduling a retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition.

In some cases, code 1118 for determining includes code for determining parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, on parameters for the initial transmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition.

In some cases, code 1120 for retransmitting includes code for retransmitting the uplink RACH message to the network entity with repetition in accordance with the determined parameters.

In some cases, code 1132 for providing includes code for providing a network entity, via at least first and second stages of signaling, an indication regarding at least two capabilities of the UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition.

In the depicted example, the one or more processors 1104 include circuitry configured to implement the code stored in the computer-readable medium/memory 1104, including circuitry 1122 for transmitting, circuitry 1124 for receiving, circuitry 1126 for determining, circuitry 1128 for retransmitting, and circuitry 1130 for providing.

In some cases, circuitry 1122 for transmitting includes circuitry for transmitting an initial transmission of an uplink RACH message with repetition. In some cases, circuitry 1122 for transmitting includes circuitry for transmitting the uplink RACH message to the network entity with repetition in accordance with the indicated capabilities.

In some cases, circuitry 1124 for receiving includes circuitry for receiving a downlink control information (DCI) scheduling a retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition.

In some cases, circuitry 1126 for determining includes circuitry for determining parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, on parameters for the initial transmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition.

In some cases, circuitry 1128 for retransmitting includes circuitry for retransmitting the uplink RACH message to the network entity with repetition in accordance with the determined parameters.

In some cases, circuitry 1130 for providing includes circuitry for providing a network entity, via at least first and second stages of signaling, an indication regarding at least two capabilities of the UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition.

Various components of communications device 1100 may provide means for performing the methods described herein, including with respect to FIGS. 5 and 8 .

In some examples, means for transmitting or sending (or means for outputting for transmission) may include the transceivers 254 and/or antenna(s) 252 of the UE 104 illustrated in FIG. 2 and/or transceiver 1108 and antenna 1110 of the communication device 1100 in FIG. 11 .

In some examples, means for receiving (or means for obtaining) may include the transceivers 254 and/or antenna(s) 252 of the UE 104 illustrated in FIG. 2 and/or transceiver 1108 and antenna 1110 of the communication device 1100 in FIG. 11 .

In some examples, means for transmitting, means for receiving, means for determining, means for retransmitting, and means for processing may include various processing system components, such as: the one or more processors 1120 in FIG. 11 , or aspects of the UE 104 depicted in FIG. 2 , receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, and/or controller/processor 280 (including repetition manager 281).

Notably, FIG. 11 is just use example, and many other examples and configurations of communication device 1100 are possible.

FIG. 12 depicts an example communications device 1200 that includes various components operable, configured, or adapted to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein, such as the operations depicted and described with respect to FIGS. 6 and 9 . In some examples, communication device 1200 may be a BS 102 as described, for example with respect to FIGS. 1 and 2 .

Communications device 1200 includes a processing system 1202 coupled to a transceiver 1208 (e.g., a transmitter and/or a receiver). Transceiver 1208 is configured to transmit (or send) and receive signals for the communications device 1200 via an antenna 1210, such as the various signals as described herein. Processing system 1202 may be configured to perform processing functions for communications device 1200, including processing signals received and/or to be transmitted by communications device 1200.

Processing system 1202 includes one or more processors 1204 coupled to a computer-readable medium/memory 1212 via a bus 1206. In certain aspects, computer-readable medium/memory 1212 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that when executed by the one or more processors 1204, cause the one or more processors 1204 to perform the operations illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 9 , or other operations for performing the various techniques discussed herein for channel repetition.

In the depicted example, computer-readable medium/memory 1212 stores code 1214 for transmitting, code 1218 for determining, code 1220 for monitoring, code 1234 for receiving, and code 1236 for processing.

In some cases, code 1214 for transmitting includes code for transmitting, to a UE, a DCI scheduling the UE to transmit an initial transmission of an uplink RACH message with repetition.

In some cases, code 1214 for transmitting includes code for transmitting the UE a DCI scheduling the UE to retransmit the uplink RACH message with repetition, after failing to receive the initial transmission.

In some cases, code 1218 for determining includes code for determining parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, on parameters for the initial transmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition.

In some cases, code 1220 for monitoring includes code for monitoring for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message from the UE with repetition in accordance with the determined parameters.

In some cases, code 1234 for receiving includes code for receiving, via at least first and second stages of signaling, an indication regarding at least two capabilities of a UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition.

In some cases, code 1236 for processing includes code for processing the uplink RACH message sent with repetition in accordance with the indicated capabilities.

In some cases, the code 1236 for processing also includes code for interpreting a physical random access channel (PRACH) that indicates a capability of the UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition as a request for resources to transmit the uplink RACH message with repetition.

In the depicted example, the one or more processors 1204 include circuitry configured to implement the code stored in the computer-readable medium/memory 1212, including circuitry 1222 for transmitting, circuitry 1226 for determining, circuitry 1228 for monitoring, circuitry 1230 for receiving, and circuitry 1232 for processing.

In some cases, circuitry 1222 for transmitting includes circuitry for transmitting, to a UE, a DCI scheduling the UE to transmit an initial transmission of an uplink RACH message with repetition.

In some cases, circuitry 1222 for transmitting includes circuitry for transmitting the UE a DCI scheduling the UE to retransmit the uplink RACH message with repetition, after failing to receive the initial transmission.

In some cases, circuitry 1226 for determining includes circuitry for determining parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, on parameters for the initial transmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition.

In some cases, circuitry 1228 for monitoring includes circuitry for monitoring for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message from the UE with repetition in accordance with the determined parameters.

In some cases, circuitry 1230 for receiving includes circuitry for receiving, via at least first and second stages of signaling, an indication regarding at least two capabilities of a UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition.

In some cases, circuitry 1232 for processing includes circuitry for processing the uplink RACH message sent with repetition in accordance with the indicated capabilities.

In some cases, the circuitry 1232 for processing includes circuitry for interpreting a PRACH that indicates a capability of the UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition as a request for resources to transmit the uplink RACH message with repetition.

Various components of communications device 1200 may provide means for performing the methods described herein, including with respect to FIGS. 6 and 9 .

In some examples, means for transmitting or sending (or means for outputting for transmission) may include the transceivers 232 and/or antenna(s) 234 of the base station 102 illustrated in FIG. 2 and/or transceiver 1208 and antenna 1210 of the communication device 1200 in FIG. 12 .

In some examples, means for receiving (or means for obtaining) may include the transceivers 232 and/or antenna(s) 234 of the base station illustrated in FIG. 2 and/or transceiver 1208 and antenna 1210 of the communication device 1200 in FIG. 12 .

In some examples, means for transmitting, means for receiving, means for transmitting, means for determining, means for monitoring, means for receiving, and means for processing may include various processing system components, such as: the one or more processors 1204 in FIG. 12 , or aspects of the BS 102 depicted in FIG. 2 , including receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, and/or controller/processor 240 (including repetition manager 241).

Notably, FIG. 12 is just use example, and many other examples and configurations of communication device 1200 are possible.

Example Clauses

Implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

Clause 1: A method for wireless communications by a user-equipment (UE), comprising: sending, to a network entity via at least first and second stages of signaling, an indication regarding at least two capabilities of the UE to transmit an uplink random access channel (RACH) message with repetition; and transmitting the uplink RACH message to the network entity with repetition in accordance with at least one of the at least two capabilities in the indication.

Clause 2: The method of Clause 1, wherein the at least two capabilities comprise at least: a first capability of the UE to transmit the uplink RACH message with repetition; and a second capability of the UE to support demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling when transmitting the uplink RACH message with repetition.

Clause 3: The method of any one of Clause 1 or 2, wherein the first stage of signaling comprises transmitting a physical random access channel (PRACH) to indicate a capability of the UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition.

Clause 4: The method of any one of Clauses 1-3, wherein the UE is configured to transmit the PRACH to indicate the capability of the UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition as a request for resources to transmit the uplink RACH message with repetition.

Clause 5: The method of any one of Clause 1 or 2, wherein the second stage of signaling comprises transmitting the uplink RACH message with one or more transmission parameters to indicate the second capability of the UE to support DMRS bundling when transmitting the uplink RACH message with repetition.

Clause 6: The method of Clause 5, wherein the one or more transmission parameters comprise at least one of a DMRS port or DMRS sequence.

Clause 7: The method of Clause 5, wherein the one or more transmission parameters comprise at least one of time or frequency resources of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) used to convey the uplink RACH message.

Clause 8: The method of Clause 5, wherein the one or more transmission parameters also indicate another capability of the UE.

Clause 9: The method of Clause 5, wherein the one or more transmission parameters comprise at least one of a DMRS port, DMRS sequence, or orthogonal cover code (OCC) used on a first repetition of the uplink RACH message.

Clause 10: The method of Clause 9, wherein at least one of a same DMRS sequence, a same DMRS port, or a same OCC is used for all repetitions of the uplink RACH transmission.

Clause 11: The method of Clause 9, wherein the second capability of the UE to support DMRS bundling when transmitting the uplink RACH message with repetition is indicated via a relation among at least one of the DMRS sequence, DMRS port, or OCC of different repetitions of the uplink RACH message.

Clause 12: A method for wireless communications by a network entity, comprising: receiving, from a user equipment via at least first and second stages of signaling, an indication regarding at least two capabilities of the user equipment (UE) to transmit an uplink random access channel (RACH) message with repetition; and processing the uplink RACH message sent with repetition in accordance with the at least one of the at least two capabilities in the indication.

Clause 13: The method of Clause 12, wherein the at least two capabilities comprise at least: a first capability of the UE to transmit the uplink RACH message with repetition; and a second capability of the UE to support demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling when transmitting the uplink RACH message with repetition.

Clause 14: The method of any one of Clause 12 or 13, wherein the first stage of signaling comprises a physical random access channel (PRACH) that indicates a capability of the UE to transmit an uplink RACH message with repetition.

Clause 15: The method of any one of Clauses 12-14, further comprising interpreting the PRACH as a request for resources to transmit the uplink RACH message with repetition.

Clause 16: The method of any one of Clause 12 or 13, wherein the second stage of signaling comprises the uplink RACH message with one or more transmission parameters to indicate the second capability of the UE to support DMRS bundling when transmitting the uplink RACH message with repetition.

Clause 17: The method of Clause 16, wherein the one or more transmission parameters comprise at least one of a DMRS port or DMRS sequence.

Clause 18: The method of Clause 16, wherein the one or more transmission parameters comprise at least one of time or frequency resources of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) used to convey the uplink RACH message.

Clause 19: The method of Clause 16, wherein the one or more transmission parameters also indicate another capability of the UE.

Clause 20: The method of Clause 16, wherein the one or more transmission parameters comprise at least one of a DMRS port, DMRS sequence, or orthogonal cover code (OCC) used on a first repetition of the uplink RACH message.

Clause 21: The method of Clause 20, wherein at least one of a same DMRS sequence, a same DMRS port, or a same OCC is used for all repetitions of the uplink RACH transmission.

Clause 22: The method of Clause 20, wherein the second capability of the UE to support DMRS bundling when transmitting the uplink RACH message with repetition is indicated via a relation among at least one of the DMRS sequence, DMRS port, or OCC of different repetitions of the uplink RACH message.

Clause 23: A method for wireless communications by a user-equipment (UE), comprising: transmitting, to a network entity, an initial transmission of an uplink random access channel (RACH) message with repetition; receiving downlink control information (DCI) scheduling a retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition; determining parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, on parameters for the initial transmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition; and retransmitting the uplink RACH message to the network entity with repetition in accordance with the determined parameters.

Clause 24: The method of Clause 23, further comprising receiving parameters for the initial transmission via a downlink RACH message.

Clause 25: The method of any one of Clause 23 or 24, wherein the received parameters for the initial transmission comprise a number of repetitions for the initial transmission.

Clause 26: The method of Clause 25, wherein the received parameters for the initial transmission comprise a bundling size for demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling for the initial transmission.

Clause 27: The method of any one of Clauses 23-26, further comprising receiving signaling indicating a repetition scaling factor to be applied to a number of repetitions of the initial transmission; and determining parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based on the repetition scaling factor and the number of repetitions for the initial transmission.

Clause 28: The method of Clause 27, wherein the signaling comprises a system information block (SIB).

Clause 29: The method of Clause 27, wherein determining parameters for the retransmission comprises multiplying the number of repetitions for the initial transmission by the repetition scaling factor to determine a number of repetition for the retransmission.

Clause 30: The method of Clause 29, wherein, in the event of multiple retransmissions, a same number of repetitions is used for each retransmission.

Clause 31: The method of Clause 29, wherein, in the event of multiple retransmissions, a number of repetitions used for a given retransmission also depends on a retransmission time of that retransmission.

Clause 32: The method of any one of Clauses 23-31, wherein the parameters for the retransmission comprise at least one of a frequency offset or hopping pattern for the repetitions of the retransmission determined, at least in part, on a frequency offset or hopping pattern used for repetitions of the initial transmission.

Clause 33: A method for wireless communications by a network entity, comprising: transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), a downlink control information (DCI) scheduling the UE to transmit an initial transmission of an uplink random access channel (RACH) message with repetition; transmitting the UE a DCI scheduling the UE to retransmit the uplink RACH message with repetition, after failing to receive the initial transmission; determining parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, on parameters for the initial transmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition; and monitoring for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message from the UE with repetition in accordance with the determined parameters.

Clause 34: The method of Clause 33, further comprising transmitting the UE parameters for the initial transmission via a downlink RACH message.

Clause 35: The method of any one of Clause 33 or 34, wherein the received parameters for the initial transmission comprise a number of repetitions for the initial transmission.

Clause 36: The method of any one of Clauses 33-34, wherein the received parameters for the initial transmission comprise a bundling size for demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling for the initial transmission.

Clause 37: The method of any one of Clauses 33-36, further comprising: transmitting the UE signaling indicating a repetition scaling factor to be applied to a number of repetitions of the initial transmission; and determining parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based on the repetition scaling factor and the number of repetitions for the initial transmission.

Clause 38: The method of Clause 37, wherein the signaling comprises a system information block (SIB).

Clause 39: The method of Clause 37, wherein determining parameters for the retransmission comprises multiplying the number of repetitions for the initial transmission by the repetition scaling factor to determine a number of repetition for the retransmission.

Clause 40: The method of Clause 39, wherein, in the event of multiple retransmissions, a same number of repetitions is used for each retransmission.

Clause 41: The method of Clause 39, wherein, in the event of multiple retransmissions, a number of repetitions used for a given retransmission also depends on a retransmission time of that retransmission.

Clause 42: The method of any one of Clauses 33-41, wherein the parameters for the retransmission comprise at least one of a frequency offset or hopping pattern for the repetitions of the retransmission determined, at least in part, on a frequency offset or hopping pattern used for repetitions of the initial transmission.

Clause 43: An apparatus, comprising a memory comprising computer-executable instructions and a processor configured to execute the computer-executable instructions and cause the processor to perform a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-42.

Clause 44: An apparatus, comprising means for performing a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-42.

Clause 45: A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor of a device, cause the device to perform a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-42.

Clause 46: A computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium comprising code for performing a method in accordance with any one of Clauses 1-42.

Additional Wireless Communication Network Considerations

The techniques and methods described herein may be used for various wireless communications networks (or wireless wide area network (WWAN)) and radio access technologies (RATs). While aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with 3G, 4G, and/or 5G (e.g., 5G new radio (NR)) wireless technologies, aspects of the present disclosure may likewise be applicable to other communication systems and standards not explicitly mentioned herein.

5G wireless communication networks may support various advanced wireless communication services, such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), millimeter wave (mmWave), machine type communications (MTC), and/or mission critical targeting ultra-reliable, low-latency communications (URLLC). These services, and others, may include latency and reliability requirements.

Returning to FIG. 1 , various aspects of the present disclosure may be performed within the example wireless communication network 100.

In 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a Node B (NB) and/or a NB subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In NR systems, the term “cell” and BS, next generation NodeB (gNB or gNodeB), access point (AP), distributed unit (DU), carrier, or transmission reception point (TRP) may be used interchangeably. A BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and/or other types of cells.

A macro cell may generally cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs having an association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG) and UEs for users in the home). A BS for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS. A BS for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS. A BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS.

Base stations 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to as Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)) may interface with the EPC 160 through first backhaul links 132 (e.g., an S1 interface). Base stations 102 configured for 5G (e.g., 5G NR or Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN)) may interface with core network 190 through second backhaul links 184. Base stations 102 may communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC 160 or core network 190) with each other over third backhaul links 134 (e.g., X2 interface). Third backhaul links 134 may generally be wired or wireless.

Small cell 102′ may operate in a licensed and/or an unlicensed frequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the small cell 102′ may employ NR and use the same 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum as used by the Wi-Fi AP 150. Small cell 102′, employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, may boost coverage to and/or increase capacity of the access network.

Some base stations, such as gNB 180 may operate in a traditional sub-6 GHz spectrum, in millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies, and/or near mmWave frequencies in communication with the UE 104. When the gNB 180 operates in mmWave or near mmWave frequencies, the gNB 180 may be referred to as an mmWave base station.

The communication links 120 between base stations 102 and, for example, UEs 104, may be through one or more carriers. For example, base stations 102 and UEs 104 may use spectrum up to Y MHz (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400, and other MHz) bandwidth per carrier allocated in a carrier aggregation of up to a total of Yx MHz (x component carriers) used for transmission in each direction. The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. Allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL than for UL). The component carriers may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers. A primary component carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary component carrier may be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell).

Wireless communications system 100 further includes a Wi-Fi access point (AP) 150 in communication with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 via communication links 154 in, for example, a 2.4 GHz and/or 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum. When communicating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the STAs 152/AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating in order to determine whether the channel is available.

Certain UEs 104 may communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use the DL/UL WWAN spectrum. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH). D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2D communications systems, such as for example, FlashLinQ, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, 4G (e.g., LTE), or 5G (e.g., NR), to name a few options.

EPC 160 may include a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, a Serving Gateway 166, a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway 168, a Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 170, and a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172. MME 162 may be in communication with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174. MME 162 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the EPC 160. Generally, MME 162 provides bearer and connection management.

Generally, user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through Serving Gateway 166, which itself is connected to PDN Gateway 172. PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions. PDN Gateway 172 and the BM-SC 170 are connected to the IP Services 176, which may include, for example, the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), a PS Streaming Service, and/or other IP services.

BM-SC 170 may provide functions for MBMS user service provisioning and delivery. BM-SC 170 may serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, may be used to authorize and initiate MBMS Bearer Services within a public land mobile network (PLMN), and may be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. MBMS Gateway 168 may be used to distribute MBMS traffic to the base stations 102 belonging to a Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) area broadcasting a particular service, and may be responsible for session management (start/stop) and for collecting eMBMS related charging information.

Core network 190 may include an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 1102, other AMFs 193, a Session Management Function (SMF) 194, and a User Plane Function (UPF) 195. AMF 1102 may be in communication with a Unified Data Management (UDM) 196.

AMF 1102 is generally the control node that processes the signaling between UEs 104 and core network 190. Generally, AMF 1102 provides QoS flow and session management.

All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferred through UPF 195, which is connected to the IP Services 197, and which provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions for core network 190. IP Services 197 may include, for example, the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), a PS Streaming Service, and/or other IP services.

Returning to FIG. 2 , various example components of BS 102 and UE 104 (e.g., the wireless communication network 100 of FIG. 1 ) are depicted, which may be used to implement aspects of the present disclosure.

At BS 102, a transmit processor 220 may receive data from a data source 212 and control information from a controller/processor 240. The control information may be for the physical broadcast channel (PBCH), physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel (PHICH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), group common PDCCH (GC PDCCH), and others. The data may be for the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), in some examples.

A medium access control (MAC)-control element (MAC-CE) is a MAC layer communication structure that may be used for control command exchange between wireless nodes. The MAC-CE may be carried in a shared channel such as a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), or a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).

Processor 220 may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. Transmit processor 220 may also generate reference symbols, such as for the primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

Transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide output symbol streams to the modulators (MODs) in transceivers 232 a-232 t. Each modulator in transceivers 232 a-232 t may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Downlink signals from the modulators in transceivers 232 a-232 t may be transmitted via the antennas 234 a-234 t, respectively.

At UE 104, antennas 252 a-252 r may receive the downlink signals from the BS 102 and may provide received signals to the demodulators (DEMODs) in transceivers 254 a-254 r, respectively. Each demodulator in transceivers 254 a-254 r may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a respective received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols.

MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from all the demodulators in transceivers 254 a-254 r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. Receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE 104 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control information to a controller/processor 280.

On the uplink, at UE 104, transmit processor 264 may receive and process data (e.g., for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)) from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) from the controller/processor 280. Transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal (e.g., for the sounding reference signal (SRS)). The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 if applicable, further processed by the modulators in transceivers 254 a-254 r (e.g., for SC-FDM), and transmitted to BS 102.

At BS 102, the uplink signals from UE 104 may be received by antennas 234 a-t, processed by the demodulators in transceivers 232 a-232 t, detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by UE 104. Receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and the decoded control information to the controller/processor 240.

Memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for BS 102 and UE 104, respectively.

Scheduler 244 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and/or uplink.

5G may utilize orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) on the uplink and downlink. 5G may also support half-duplex operation using time division duplexing (TDD). OFDM and single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) partition the system bandwidth into multiple orthogonal subcarriers, which are also commonly referred to as tones and bins. Each subcarrier may be modulated with data. Modulation symbols may be sent in the frequency domain with OFDM and in the time domain with SC-FDM. The spacing between adjacent subcarriers may be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers may be dependent on the system bandwidth. The minimum resource allocation, called a resource block (RB), may be 12 consecutive subcarriers in some examples. The system bandwidth may also be partitioned into subbands. For example, a subband may cover multiple RBs. NR may support a base subcarrier spacing (SCS) of 15 KHz and other SCS may be defined with respect to the base SCS (e.g., 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, 240 kHz, and others).

As above, FIGS. 3A-3D depict various example aspects of data structures for a wireless communication network, such as wireless communication network 100 of FIG. 1 .

In various aspects, the 5G frame structure may be frequency division duplex (FDD), in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth), subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for either DL or UL. 5G frame structures may also be time division duplex (TDD), in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth), subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for both DL and UL. In the examples provided by FIGS. 3A and 3C, the 5G frame structure is assumed to be TDD, with subframe 4 being configured with slot format 28 (with mostly DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and X is flexible for use between DL/UL, and subframe 3 being configured with slot format 34 (with mostly UL). While subframes 3, 4 are shown with slot formats 34, 28, respectively, any particular subframe may be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0, 1 are all DL, UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. UEs are configured with the slot format (dynamically through DL control information (DCI), or semi-statically/statically through radio resource control (RRC) signaling) through a received slot format indicator (SFI). Note that the description below applies also to a 5G frame structure that is TDD.

Other wireless communication technologies may have a different frame structure and/or different channels. A frame (10 ms) may be divided into 10 equally sized subframes (1 ms). Each subframe may include one or more time slots. Subframes may also include mini-slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. In some examples, each slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on the slot configuration.

For example, for slot configuration 0, each slot may include 14 symbols, and for slot configuration 1, each slot may include 7 symbols. The symbols on DL may be cyclic prefix (CP) OFDM (CP-OFDM) symbols. The symbols on UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (also referred to as single carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbols) (for power limited scenarios; limited to a single stream transmission).

The number of slots within a subframe is based on the slot configuration and the numerology. For slot configuration 0, different numerologies (μ) 0 to 5 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 slots, respectively, per subframe. For slot configuration 1, different numerologies 0 to 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 slots, respectively, per subframe. Accordingly, for slot configuration 0 and numerology μ, there are 14 symbols/slot and 2μ slots/subframe. The subcarrier spacing and symbol length/duration are a function of the numerology. The subcarrier spacing may be equal to 2^(μ)×15 kHz, where μ is the numerology 0 to 5. As such, the numerology μ=0 has a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz and the numerology μ=5 has a subcarrier spacing of 480 kHz. The symbol length/duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing. FIGS. 3A-3D provide an example of slot configuration 0 with 14 symbols per slot and numerology μ=2 with 4 slots per subframe. The slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs.

A resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as physical RBs (PRBs)) that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

As illustrated in FIG. 3A, some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for a UE (e.g., UE 104 of FIGS. 1 and 2 ). The RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as Rx for one particular configuration, where 100x is the port number, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS), beam refinement RS (BRRS), and phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

FIG. 3B illustrates an example of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs), each CCE including nine RE groups (REGs), each REG including four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol.

A primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol 2 of particular subframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE (e.g., 104 of FIGS. 1 and 2 ) to determine subframe/symbol timing and a physical layer identity.

A secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of particular subframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine a physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing.

Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of the aforementioned DM-RS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH), which carries a master information block (MIB), may be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS)/PBCH block. The MIB provides a number of RBs in the system bandwidth and a system frame number (SFN). The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH such as system information blocks (SIBs), and paging messages.

As illustrated in FIG. 3C, some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE may transmit DM-RS for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS may be transmitted in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH. The PUCCH DM-RS may be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether short or long PUCCHs are transmitted and depending on the particular PUCCH format used. The UE may transmit sounding reference signals (SRS). The SRS may be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS may have a comb structure, and a UE may transmit SRS on one of the combs. The SRS may be used by a base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling on the UL.

FIG. 3D illustrates an example of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame. The PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a rank indicator (RI), and HARQ ACK/NACK feedback. The PUSCH carries data, and may additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR), a power headroom report (PHR), and/or UCI.

Additional Considerations

The preceding description provides examples of channel repetition in communication systems. The preceding description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. The examples discussed herein are not limiting of the scope, applicability, or aspects set forth in the claims. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. For example, changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements discussed without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For instance, the methods described may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Also, features described with respect to some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method that is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to, or other than, the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

The techniques described herein may be used for various wireless communication technologies, such as 5G (e.g., 5G NR), 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), and other networks. The terms “network” and “system” are often used interchangeably. A CDMA network may implement a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), cdma2000, and others. UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA. cdma2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95 and IS-856 standards. A TDMA network may implement a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). An OFDMA network may implement a radio technology such as NR (e.g. 5G RA), Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDMA, and others. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS). LTE and LTE-A are releases of UMTS that use E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A and GSM are described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project” (3GPP). cdma2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2). NR is an emerging wireless communications technology under development.

The various illustrative logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the present disclosure may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, a system on a chip (SoC), or any other such configuration.

If implemented in hardware, an example hardware configuration may comprise a processing system in a wireless node. The processing system may be implemented with a bus architecture. The bus may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending on the specific application of the processing system and the overall design constraints. The bus may link together various circuits including a processor, machine-readable media, and a bus interface. The bus interface may be used to connect a network adapter, among other things, to the processing system via the bus. The network adapter may be used to implement the signal processing functions of the PHY layer. In the case of a user equipment (see FIG. 1 ), a user interface (e.g., keypad, display, mouse, joystick, touchscreen, biometric sensor, proximity sensor, light emitting element, and others) may also be connected to the bus. The bus may also link various other circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further. The processor may be implemented with one or more general-purpose and/or special-purpose processors. Examples include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and other circuitry that can execute software. Those skilled in the art will recognize how best to implement the described functionality for the processing system depending on the particular application and the overall design constraints imposed on the overall system.

If implemented in software, the functions may be stored or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer readable medium. Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, data, or any combination thereof, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. Computer-readable media include both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. The processor may be responsible for managing the bus and general processing, including the execution of software modules stored on the machine-readable storage media. A computer-readable storage medium may be coupled to a processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. By way of example, the machine-readable media may include a transmission line, a carrier wave modulated by data, and/or a computer readable storage medium with instructions stored thereon separate from the wireless node, all of which may be accessed by the processor through the bus interface. Alternatively, or in addition, the machine-readable media, or any portion thereof, may be integrated into the processor, such as the case may be with cache and/or general register files. Examples of machine-readable storage media may include, by way of example, RAM (Random Access Memory), flash memory, ROM (Read Only Memory), PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), registers, magnetic disks, optical disks, hard drives, or any other suitable storage medium, or any combination thereof. The machine-readable media may be embodied in a computer-program product.

A software module may comprise a single instruction, or many instructions, and may be distributed over several different code segments, among different programs, and across multiple storage media. The computer-readable media may comprise a number of software modules. The software modules include instructions that, when executed by an apparatus such as a processor, cause the processing system to perform various functions. The software modules may include a transmission module and a receiving module. Each software module may reside in a single storage device or be distributed across multiple storage devices. By way of example, a software module may be loaded into RAM from a hard drive when a triggering event occurs. During execution of the software module, the processor may load some of the instructions into cache to increase access speed. One or more cache lines may then be loaded into a general register file for execution by the processor. When referring to the functionality of a software module below, it will be understood that such functionality is implemented by the processor when executing instructions from that software module.

As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a-a, a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

As used herein, the term “determining” encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, “determining” may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., looking up in a table, a database or another data structure), ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” may include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory) and the like. Also, “determining” may include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing and the like.

The methods disclosed herein comprise one or more steps or actions for achieving the methods. The method steps and/or actions may be interchanged with one another without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of steps or actions is specified, the order and/or use of specific steps and/or actions may be modified without departing from the scope of the claims. Further, the various operations of methods described above may be performed by any suitable means capable of performing the corresponding functions. The means may include various hardware and/or software component(s) and/or module(s), including, but not limited to a circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or processor. Generally, where there are operations illustrated in figures, those operations may have corresponding counterpart means-plus-function components with similar numbering.

The following claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. Within a claim, reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more.” Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. No claim element is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112(f) unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for” or, in the case of a method claim, the element is recited using the phrase “step for.” All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus configured for wireless communications, comprising: one or more memories comprising executable instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the instructions and cause the apparatus to: transmit an initial transmission of an uplink random access channel (RACH) message with repetition; receive a downlink control information (DCI) scheduling a retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition; and retransmit the uplink RACH message with repetition based at least in part on one or more first parameters for the initial transmission.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions and further cause the apparatus to receive one or more first parameters for the initial transmission via a downlink RACH message.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more first parameters for the initial transmission comprise a number of one or more repetitions for the initial transmission.
 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the one or more first parameters for the initial transmission comprise a bundling size for demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling for the initial transmission.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions and further cause the apparatus to: receive signaling indicating a repetition scaling factor; determine one or more second parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, on the repetition scaling factor and a first number of one or more repetitions for the initial transmission; and retransmit the uplink RACH message with repetition in accordance with the one or more second parameters for the retransmission.
 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the signaling comprises a system information block (SIB).
 7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein to determine the one or more second parameters for the retransmission, the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions and further cause the apparatus to multiply the first number of one or more repetitions for the initial transmission by at least the repetition scaling factor to determine a second number of one or more repetitions for the retransmission.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to retransmit the uplink RACH message with repetition, the one or more processors are configured to execute the executable instructions and further cause the apparatus to retransmit multiple retransmissions of the uplink RACH message with repetition using a same number of one or more repetitions for each of the multiple retransmissions.
 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to retransmit the uplink RACH message with repetition, the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions and further cause the apparatus to retransmit multiple retransmissions of the uplink RACH message with repetition, wherein a number of one or more repetitions for a given retransmission among the multiple retransmissions depends at least in part on a retransmission time of the given retransmission.
 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions and further cause the apparatus to: determine one or more second parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, the one or more first parameters; and retransmit the uplink RACH message with repetition in accordance with the one or more second parameters for the retransmission, wherein the one or more second parameters for the retransmission comprise one or more first frequency hopping parameters determined based, at least in part, on one or more second frequency hopping parameters used for one or more repetitions of the initial transmission.
 11. An apparatus configured for wireless communications, comprising: one or more memories comprising executable instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the instructions and cause the apparatus to: transmit, to a user equipment (UE), a first downlink control information (DCI) scheduling an initial transmission of an uplink random access channel (RACH) message with repetition; transmit, to the UE, a second DCI scheduling a retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition in response to failing to decode the initial transmission from the UE; and monitor for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based at least in part on one or more first parameters for the initial transmission.
 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions and further cause the apparatus to transmit the one or more first parameters for the initial transmission via a downlink RACH message.
 13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the one or more first parameters for the initial transmission comprise a number of one or more repetitions for the initial transmission.
 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the one or more first parameters for the initial transmission comprise a bundling size for demodulation reference signal (DMRS) bundling for the initial transmission.
 15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions and further cause the apparatus to: transmit signaling indicating a repetition scaling factor; determine one or more second parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, on the repetition scaling factor and a first number of one or more repetitions for the initial transmission; and monitor for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition in accordance with the one or more second parameters.
 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the signaling comprises a system information block (SIB).
 17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein to determine the one or more second parameters for the retransmission, the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions and further cause the apparatus to multiply the first number of one or more repetitions for the initial transmission by at least the repetition scaling factor to determine a second number of one or more repetitions for the retransmission.
 18. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein to monitor for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message, the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions and further cause the apparatus to monitor for multiple retransmissions of the uplink RACH message with repetition using a same number of one or more repetitions for each of the multiple retransmissions.
 19. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein to monitor for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message, the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions and further cause the apparatus to monitor for multiple retransmissions of the uplink RACH message with repetition, wherein a number of one or more repetitions used for a given retransmission among the multiple retransmissions depends at least in part on a retransmission time of the given retransmission.
 20. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the one or more processors are configured to execute the instructions and further cause the apparatus to: determine one or more second parameters for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based, at least in part, the one or more first parameters; and monitor for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition in accordance with the one or more second parameters, wherein the one or more second parameters for the retransmission comprise one or more first frequency hopping parameters determined based, at least in part, on one or more second frequency hopping parameters used for one or more repetitions of the initial transmission.
 21. A method for wireless communications by a user-equipment (UE), comprising: transmitting an initial transmission of an uplink random access channel (RACH) message with repetition; receiving a downlink control information (DCI) scheduling a retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition; and retransmitting the uplink RACH message with repetition based at least in part on one or more first parameters for the initial transmission.
 22. A method for wireless communications by a network entity, comprising: transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), a first downlink control information (DCI) scheduling an initial transmission of an uplink random access channel (RACH) message with repetition; transmitting, to the UE, a second DCI scheduling a retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition in response to failing to decode the initial transmission from the UE; and monitoring for the retransmission of the uplink RACH message with repetition based at least in part on one or more first parameters for the initial transmission. 